Feed-mill



(No Modem 2 sheetssuenen 1. N. P. BOWSHBR.

FEED MILL No. 528,070. l Patented Oct. 2 3, 1894, 2 'E j Q 5.a, i @g1 \W 04 7/ 4 1 z3 4 y 2 n E, I, S

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2. N. P. BOWSHER.

FEED MILL No. 528,070. Patented 061;. 2s, 1894.

i which can be used for grinding grain alonef i jects a base flange A to which three equi- NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NELsoN P. BowsHER, oEsoUTH BEND, INDIANA.

FEED-MILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,070, dated October 23,1894. Application iiled March 5,1894. Serial No. 502,415 (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern: p

Be it known that I, NELSON P. BoWsHER, of South Bend, in the county of St.l Joseph and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Feed-Mills; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

This invention is `an improved feed mill,

or as a corn and cob crusher and grinder, and its objects are to improve and simplify the means for adjusting the grinding cone in re-` lation to the shell; to improvethe construe-1 tion of the cone and shell so that the escape of material being ground there-between will` be retarded and it will be more thoroughly and finely oomminuted; and to improve other parts of the machine, all of which will be hereinafter described in detail.

The invention consists in the novel combi-` nations of parts summarized in the claims, and in the novel construction of parts shown, described and claimed.

Referring to the figures of the drawings by numerals, and to parts thereof by letters- Figure l is a central vertical section through the complete machine. Fig.` 2 is a view of the grinding shell detached. Fig. 2 is a view of the grinding flange of saidshell. Fig. 3 is a view of the grinding cone detached; Fig. 4, a plan view of the case. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views of the fasteningsof the grinding cone sections. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detailed view of the joint in the sectional shaft E.

A designates the frustum of a hollow metallic cone, or semi-sphere, which constitutes the outer casing of the mill. From three sides of this casing, at bottom thereof, prodistant legs `A2 are fastened, and which forms part of the top of a three sided box A3 in which the ground feed is deposited. The legs are fastened, to a base A4, when the machine is to be portable, or to the door when the machine is to be permanently located. At the upper edge of the casing, on the inner face thereof, is a series of lugs A5 adapted to assist in the crushing of cobs, dre. From the upper edge of the casing, spring inwardly `and upwardly curving arms a, uniting in a central `ring a3, above the casing. From the `under side of said arms depend diagonally arranged lugs a2, adapted to assist in crushing cobs, and in forcing material to the grinding surfaces. The upper surfaces of these arms are also studded or spined as at af to assist in reducing the material.

B designates a hollowmetallic cone frustum, forming the grinding shell, made of such size, relative to the casing, that it can be fitted thereinto, from below, as shown in Fig. l. This shell has a horizontal outwardly extending flange b at bottom, the lower surface of which is milled or serrated at b', the serrations extendingfrom the inner edge 0f the flange, to near the outer edge thereof, but leavinga plain annular surface. b2 exterior to the serrations as shown. This flange also has lateral studs b3, through which pass the belts or rivets that fasten the shell to the, casing.

nous. Thespacebetweentheoutercasingand thisishell may be continuous, and all that is necessary to do is to cup out along the upper edge small recesses whereby the material may be admitted to the free space between these two castings. It is immaterial whether the outer casing be cupped out or the edge of the shell be cut away; any way so as to admit of the feed or other material ltering and packing between the two parts as described. By this construction both strain on the shell and on the fastenings thereof to casing isrelieved, and 4lateral movement of the shell within casing being prevented, the grinding surfaces will be kept true. j

The inner face of the shell is formed with graduated reducing and grinding teeth B2, as

`shell-need not necessarily be made polygo- ISO usual. The upper edge of shell B is just below the crushing lugs A of the casing.

The hollow grinding cone is formed of two parts, a top piece C, and bottom piece D.

5 PieceD is shaped much like and will fit easily within shell B. It has on its outer face a series of reducing teeth D2 adapted to co-act with teeth B2, and on its upper edge is a series of studs D5 adapted to co-act with studs A5 in crushing cobs, &c. On the lower edge of part D is a horizontal outwardly extend ing annular flange d, substantially parallel with flange b on shell B, toothed or serrated on its upper face,at d and adapted to co-act with toothed flange b in making a further reduction of the material after it 'nas passed between the grinding surfaces of the cone and shell. On the outer edge of flange dare bearing lugs da which are adapted to contact with the surface b2 of flange b', thereby preventing wabbling of the cone in the shell or the cone being raised so much in the shell as to cause the grinding surfaces to contact.

The parallel reducing flanges at the lower edge of the grinding surfaces I deem a valuable feature of my invention. I do not con line myself to a strict parallelism of these cor rugated surfaces. They should be substantially parallel. l would not lose the advantage of the rim by the simple alteration of pitch of such surface. The main point is, that this flange extension being at an angle with the cone checks the discharge of the meal until it is further and finely comminuted.

In mills as heretofore constructed there is a crushing part, and a grinding part, but in addition to these parts, I have added the flange, just where the grinding surfaces end. If ythese vflanges were taken off my mill, it would still be as complete, as any heretofore constructed, but I add a flange which stands at an angle with the cone and which revolves in a horizontal plane opposite a parallel corresponding flange, the conical grinding surfaces opposed to each other, gradually converging, but the flanges remain substantially parallel and thus retard the delivery and escape of the material until the particles are nelycomminuted. They also retard the flow of material from between the conical grinding surfaces, which are thereby enabled to reduce the material to a finer state than would be possible if the flange on cone were omitted.

At the upper edge of the part D, is a short inwardly projecting flange D', from which project several short inwardly extending lugs D4, hereinafter referred to.

The part C of the cone is domeshaped,and is of such size that it can be fitted into the upper end of part D as shown in Fig. 1. It has an annular shoulder C on which fits v flange D', so that the exterior surfaces of the portions C, D, are continuous or flush at their joint, and part D is suspended on part C. At intervals around shoulder C', corresponding to the lugs D4 are formed key slots hav@ ing a vertical portion c (open top and bottom ext-ending through the part C), and a horizontal portion c communicating at one end with and extending laterally from, portion c. When the parts C, D, are to be united, part D is slipped over part C, and lugs D4 drop into portions c of the key-slots. One of the parts is then turned so as to cause the lugs to enter the portions c of the slots. Keys c3 shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 6 are then droppedin the vertical portions of the slots and secured by pins or wires fastened in openings in the lower ends of the keys. Thus the parts C, D, are prevented from turning in relation to each other, and are secured together in a simple but effective manner.

On the upper face of part C is a number of upwardly projecting inclined lugs C2 adapted to co-act with the lugs (t2 in crushing cobs, dac., and also forcing the material outward and downward between the cone and shell.

From the center of part C rises a tubular stem C3, which extends through the ring a3, by which the upper end of the cone is centered in the mill. The cone is supported however on a vertical shaft E, which maybe formed in one or two parts, its lower end being stepped in ajournal on a bar F suspended transversely of and beneath the casing and cone by boltsf, or in other suitable manner, the bar F not being designed to be vertically i adjusted for regulating the grinding of the material, which is effected by independently rotating shaft E, as hereinafter described.

When shaft E is made in two parts as indicated in Fig. '7 it is divided in two parts just below part C. The thread E is on the upper part E and just below the thread the end of part E is squared as at E4 to enter a square socket Eon the upper end of the lower part E. By this construction the threading at E can be more'economically effected and the square-socket joint makes the two-part shaft sufficiently rigid for practical use.

G is a wheel shaped yoke having a central hub G, sitting over the ring as and an annular rim G2, which rests upon an annular shoulder A6 on top of the casing, the hub and rim being connected by arched spokes G3 which are studded on their under sides, as at G4, the studs coacting with studs a to crush the material in the hopper. To lugs g on this yoke is attached the sweep S when the machine is driven by horse power, as it is principally designed to be. The stem C3 eX- tends into hub G and is interlocked therewith by means of flanges G5 in the hub, and recesses C4 on the stem, as shown so that the cone is rotated by and with the yoke.

The shaft E which carries the cone has a threaded portion E engaging corresponding threads in the lower end of stem C3, and its upper end extending above the stem and hub G is squared for the engagement of a wrench, or as shown, a hand wheel e, having a broad base which rests upon the hub G or upon a plate e2 interposed between the hand wheel IOO IIO

and hub as shown in Fig. 1. By rotating shaft E it screws the cone up or down, and thus the operator can readily regulate the grinding of the material without disturbing the bar F.

'Ihe hopper H is secured upon, and rotates with the yoke. The operation of the ma` chine is similar to ordinary feed mills, except in the particulars above specified. i

I-Iaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent thereon, is

1. The combination of the dome portion of the cone, having a series of key slots around its periphery each consisting of au open vertical portion c and horizontal portion c,with the grinding portion of the cone having aseries of lugs D4 corresponding to and adapted to engage the part c of said key slots, and the keys c3 for closing said slots and preventing withdrawal of the lugs therefrom, substantially as and for the purpose described. 2. In a grinding mill the combination of a grinding shell, and a grinding cone; with a shaft extending axially through said cone, and having a screw threaded portion engaging therewith, said shaft being rotatable independently of the cone, whereby the latter may be raised or lowered, by the screw thread when the shaft is turned,`substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the shell,a grinding `cone,a shaft supporting said cone extending axially therethrough and having a screwthreaded engagement therewith, said shaft being rotatable with, and also independently of, the cone so as to raise or lower the latter by the threaded connection therewith, substantially as specified.

4. The combination of the casing, the grinding shell, andthe grinding cone, with the shaft extending axially through said cone, having a screw threaded engagement therewith, and supporting it; means for rotating said cone and shaft, and means for rotating said shaft independently of the cone, sub-H stantially as described.

5. The combination of the casing, and a grinding shell fitted therein and secured thereto, the parts being constructed to form chambers between their opposed faces, open at top for the admission of packing; and a packing of suitable material in said chambers, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination ofthe casing, with a grinding shell fitted therein faceted on its outer face to form a polygonal series of chambers between it and the casing which chambers are adapted to be filled with packing, whereby the shell is rigidly kept in place within the casing and reinforced, substan` tially as specified.

7. In a grinding mill, the combination of the shell having a fiange `on its lower edge toothed or serrated on its under surface; the cone also having a flange on its lower edge serrated on its upper surface; one of said flanges having a continuous bearing surface with on its serrated face exterior to the serrations and the other lugs onits serrated face exterior to its serrations, to prevent actual contact of the serrated portions of the flanges, su bstantially as described.

8. In a grinding mill the combination of the shell having a serrated flange on its lower edge and a smooth bearing surface exterior to the serrations and Hush with the lower edges of the serrations; with a grinding cone having' a serrated flange on its lower edge and a series of contact lugs exterior tothe serrations adapted to engage the bearing surface on the upper flange to prevent engagement of the serrated portions of the flanges, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the casing, having a top ring, a shell secured in said casing, a cone centered in said shell, havinga stem extending through said ring, and a wheel yoke mounted on the casing having a hub engaging said stem above the top-ring, said shell and cone having opposed parallel flanges on their lower edges; and a shaft carrying said cone having an adjustable' screw threaded engagement therewith, substantially as set forth.

l0. The combination of the casing, the grindingshell the cone centered therein, composed of upper and lower separable portions, the lower suspended on the upper portion, and a shaft carrying said cone, having a screwthreaded engagement therewith, for adjusting the latter; a wheel yoke mounted on the casing and engaging the stem of the cone, and means for rotating said carrying shaft independently of the cone, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

1l. The combination of the casing "having a top ring, a shell secured in said casing', a cone centered in said shell formed of an upper dome portion supported on a vertical shaft, and a lower grinding portion suspended on the upper portion, said cone and shell having opposed parallel flanges on their lower edges, the vertical shaft supporting the cone having a screw threaded engagement with the cone for the purpose of adj usting it, means for rotating said shaft independently of the cone, and the wheel yoke mounted on the cascone, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

NELSON P. BOWSHER.. Witnesses:

JAMES DUsHANE, DELEVAN D. BowsHnR lng, and connections between said yoke and IOO IIO 

